1、记住该记住的,忘记该忘记的。改变能改变的,接受不能改变的
2、能冲刷一切的除了眼泪,就是时间,以时间来推移感情,时间越长,冲突越淡,仿佛不断稀释的茶。
3、怨言是上天得至人类最大的供物,也是人类祷告中最真诚的部分
4、智慧的代价是矛盾。这是人生对人生观开的玩笑
5、世上的姑娘总以为自己是骄傲的公主(除了少数极丑和少数极聪明的姑娘例外)
6、如果敌人让你生气,那说明你还没有胜他的把握
7、如果朋友让你生气,那说明你仍然在意他的友情
8、令狐冲说“有些事情本身我们无法控制,只好控制自己。”
9、我不知道我现在做的哪些是对的,那些是错的,而当我终于老死的时候我才知道这些。所以我现在所能做的就是尽力做好每一件事,然后等待着老死
10、也许有些人很可恶,有些人很卑鄙。而当我设身为他想象的时候,我才知道:他比我还可怜。所以请原谅所有你见过的人,好人或者坏人
11、鱼对水说你看不到我的眼泪,因为我在水里.水说我能感觉到你的眼泪,因为你在我心里。
12、快乐要有悲伤作陪,雨过应该就有天晴。如果雨后还是雨,如果忧伤之后还是忧伤.请让我们从容面对这离别之后的离别。微笑地去寻找一个不可能出现的你!
13、死亡教会人一切,如同考试之后公布的结果——虽然恍然大悟,但为时晚矣~!
14、你出生的时候,你哭着,周围的人笑着;你逝去的时候,你笑着,而周围的人在哭!一切都是轮回!!!!我们都在轮回中!!!!
15、男人在结婚前觉得适合自己的女人很少,结婚后觉得适合自己的女人很多
16、于千万人之中,遇见你所遇见的人;于千万年之中,时间的无涯荒野里,没有早一步,也没有晚一步,刚巧赶上了。
17、每个人都有潜在的能量,只是很容易:被习惯所掩盖,被时间所迷离,被惰性所消磨
18、人生短短几十年,不要给自己留下了什么遗憾,想笑就笑,想哭就哭,该爱的时候就去爱,无谓压抑自己
19、和平年代》里的话:当幻想和现实面对时,总是很痛苦的。要么你被痛苦击倒,要么你把痛苦踩在脚下
20、真正的爱情是不讲究热闹不讲究排场不讲究繁华更不讲究嚎头的
21、生命中,不断地有人离开或进入。于是,看见的,看不见的;记住的,遗忘了。生命中,不断地有得到和失落。于是,看不见的,看见了;遗忘的,记住了。然而,看不见的,是不是就等于不存在?记住的,是不是永远不会消失?
22、我们确实活得艰难,一要承受种种外部的压力,更要面对自己内心的困惑。在苦苦挣扎中,如果有人向你投以理解的目光,你会感到一种生命的暖意,或许仅有短暂的一瞥,就足以使我感奋不已
23、我不去想是否能够成功,既然选择了远方,便只顾风雨兼程;我不去想,身后会不会袭来寒风冷雨,既然目标是地平线,留给世界的只能是背影
24、后悔是一种耗费精神的情绪.后悔是比损失更大的损失,比错误更大的错误.所以不要后悔
Step 1
Make sure you have created a user. For the sake of this example, let's say you called the account username guest. You can give it any temporary password you want. We're going to change that password shortly anyway. I'm assuming you know how to do this already. If you don't, I can assure you that this HowTo is not one you should be following, and you would be very likely to screw up the next step.
Step 2
Next, go to the terminal and paste in this command:
sudo nano /etc/shadow
Once you have it open, find the appropriate line for the account in question. It'll look something like this:
guest:$1$2TUdk8Z0$tb2Fn6Idgo8dq9EgYv4xZ0:13721:0:99999:7:::
guest:U6aMy0wojraho:13721:0:99999:7:::
Now you should be able to log into the guest (or whatever you called it) account without entering a password.
假期越来越无聊了,喜欢的人回家了,天天想。
回到家里呆了一个星期,应该还不到,就又回到了学校。满校准备考研的人,我都想加入进去了。
觉得没这个必要,再接着学习的话我就真的长不大了。
《PC World》网站日前评出了最受欢迎的100家博客网站.结果,知名IT新闻博客网站Slashdot和Engadget等纷纷上榜.
此次上榜的这100家博客网站可分为10大类,其中科技新闻类21家,专业技术类13家、关注知名企业类7家、企业博客5家、政治商业类14家、媒体博客5家、艺术文化类17家、生活娱乐类10家、个人和趣事奇闻类分别为4家.
以下为《PC World》评出的最受欢迎的100家博客网站:
科技新闻:
1.Slashdot(slashdot.org/)
2.Engadget(www.engadget.com/)
3.Gizmodo(www.gizmodo.com/)
4.TechCrunch(www.techcrunch.com/)
5.Ars Journals(arstechnica.com/journals.ars)
6.ReadWriteWeb(www.readwriteweb.com/)
7.Scobleizer(www.scobleizer.com/)
更多科技新闻:
8.Epicenter(blog.wired.com/business/)
9.GigaOM(www.gigaom.com/)
10.Valleywag(www.valleywag.com/)
11.Good Morning Silicon Valley(www.svextra.com/blogs/gmsv/)
12.Scripting News(scripting.com/)
13.Download Squad(www.downloadsquad.com/)
14.CNet's Technology & Politics Blog(news.com.com/8300-10784_3-7.html?categoryId=9702222)
15.The Philter (www.lightreading.com/blog.asp?blog_sectionid=217)
16.TechBlog(blogs.chron.com/techblog/)
17.Tech_Space(blogs.usatoday.com/techspace/)
18.Pogue's Posts(pogue.blogs.nytimes.com/)
19.Robert X. Cringely(weblog.infoworld.com/robertxcringely/)
20.Scott Rosenberg's Wordyard(www.wordyard.com/)
21.Rahul Sood(www.rahulsood.com/)
专业科技网站:
22.Searchblog(www.battellemedia.com)
23.Asa Dotzler(weblogs.mozillazine.org/asa/)
24.Bruce Schneier(www.schneier.com/blog/)
25.Security Fix(blog.washingtonpost.com/securityfix/)
26.SunbeltBlog(sunbeltblog.blogspot.com/)
27.GeekSugar(geeksugar.com/)
28.Retro Thing(www.retrothing.com/)
29.Tivo Blog(tivoblog.com/)
30.Treonauts(www.treonauts.com/)
31.Webware(www.webware.com/)
32.Wi-Fi Networking News(www.wifinetnews.com/)
33.Photo Matt(photomatt.net/)
34.GPS Magazine(www.gpsmagazine.com/)
巨人观察:
35.Microsoft Watch(www.microsoft-watch.com/)
36.All About Microsoft(blogs.zdnet.com/microsoft/)
37.Ed Bott's Windows Expertise(www.edbott.com/weblog/index.php)
38.AppleInsider(www.appleinsider.com/)
39.The Unofficial Apple Weblog(www.tuaw.com/)
40.Daring Fireball(daringfireball.net/)
41.MacUser(www.macuser.com/)
企业博客:
42.The Official Google Blog(googleblog.blogspot.com/)
43.Matt Cutts(www.mattcutts.com/blog/)
44.Channel 9(channel9.msdn.com/)
45.GM FastLane(fastlane.gmblogs.com/)
政治和商业:
46.PolicyBeta(blog.cdt.org/)
47.Instapundit.com(www.instapundit.com/)
48.Bloggingheads.tv(bloggingheads.tv/)
49.Danger Room(blog.wired.com/defense/)
50.Political Punch(blogs.abcnews.com/politicalpunch/)
51.Iraq the Model(iraqthemodel.blogspot.com/)
52.Wonkette(www.wonkette.com/)
53.AtlanticBlog(www.atlanticblog.com/)
54.Kausfiles(www.slate.com/id/2168675/)
55.Seth Godin(sethgodin.typepad.com/)
56.Lessig Blog(www.lessig.org/blog/)
57.James Fallows(www.jamesfallows.com/)
58.Daily Kos(www.dailykos.com/)
59.The Huffington Post(www.huffingtonpost.com/)
媒体博客:
60.BuzzMachine(www.buzzmachine.com/)
61.MediaShift(www.pbs.org/mediashift/)
62.PaidContent.org(www.paidcontent.org/)
63.Romenesko(www.poynter.org/column.asp?id=45)
64.Disinformation(www.disinfo.com/site/)
艺术和文化:
65.Cartoon Brew(www.cartoonbrew.com/)
66.Laughing Squid(laughingsquid.com/)
67.Gawker(www.gawker.com/)
68.Defamer(www.defamer.com/)
69.What Would Tyler Durden Do(www.wwtdd.com/)
70.News From Me(www.newsfromme.com/)
71.TV Barn(blogs.kansascity.com/tvbarn/index.html)
72.Reality Blurred(www.realityblurred.com/realitytv/)
73.TVgasm(www.tvgasm.com/)
74.Boing Boing(www.boingboing.net/)
75.Barenaked Ladies(www.bnlblog.com/)
76.Rain of Bastards(rainofbastards.livejournal.com/)
77.Create Digital Music(www.createdigitalmusic.com)
78.Music Thing(musicthing.blogspot.com)
79.Joystiq(www.joystiq.com/)
80.Kotaku(www.kotaku.com/)
81.Mental Floss(www.mentalfloss.com/)
生活方式和业余爱好:
82.Make(www.makezine.com/blog/)
83.Daddytypes.com(www.daddytypes.com/)
84.Lifehacker(www.lifehacker.com/)
85.43 Folders(www.43folders.com/)
86.YumSugar(www.yumsugar.com/ )
87.Slashfood(www.slashfood.com/)
88.FabSugar(fabsugar.com/)
89.Go Fug Yourself(fabsugar.com/)
90.Autoblog(www.autoblog.com/)
91.38Pitches(www.38pitches.com)
92.The Map Room(www.mcwetboy.net/maproom/)
个性:
93.Dynamist(www.dynamist.com/weblog/ )
94.Chris Pirillo(chris.pirillo.com/)
95.Kottke.org(www.kottke.org/)
96.Blog Maverick(www.blogmaverick.com/)
趣事和奇闻:
97. Cute Overload(www.cuteoverload.com/)
98. I Can Has Cheezburger(www.ICanHasCheezburger.com)
99. Fake Steve Jobs(fakesteve.blogspot.com/)
100. WaiWai(mdn.mainichi-msn.co.jp/waiwai/)
LINK: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=343670
Patched libraries are built against freetype 2.3.x (not currently in feisty) and include David Turner's subpixel rendering patches.
deb http://www.telemail.fi/mlind/ubuntu feisty fonts
deb-src http://www.telemail.fi/mlind/ubuntu feisty fonts
for amd64 binaries use RAOF's repository
deb http://raof.dyndns.org/falcon feisty experimental
deb-src http://raof.dyndns.org/falcon feisty experimental
deb http://www.telemail.fi/mlind/ubuntu feisty experimental
deb-src http://www.telemail.fi/mlind/ubuntu feisty experimental
Notes
- To install the packagesCode:
sudo aptitude update
sudo aptitude install libfreetype6 libcairo2 libxft2 - After the install, you may want reconfigure font settings. I'm currently using Feisty defaults (Native, Always, No bitmapped fonts) myself.Code:
sudo dpkg-reconfigure fontconfig-config
sudo dpkg-reconfigure fontconfig - If you get errors about missing gpg keyCode:
wget http://www.telemail.fi/mlind/ubuntu/937215FF.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add -
Code:gpg --keyserver subkeys.pgp.net --recv-keys 937215FF
gpg --export --armor 937215FF | sudo apt-key add - - GPG key to RAOF's repository (amd64 packages)Code:
wget http://ubuntu.moshen.de/2F306651.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add -
- If you later decide to go back to Ubuntu packages, you must downgrade all three installed packages
- You'll probably need to restart X-server after installing the packages to see the changes apply
Setting up a computer to share its internet connection should be easy.After all, you’ve successfully networked your computers together and even shared files with all your home computers, so why not the Internet? Well if you have a small home network of computers all connected and have tried to open up a browser, you’ve probably found out that things aren’t quite as straight forward as connecting one machine with an Ethernet cable to the computer that has the DSL/cable modem.
The secret is that everything comes down to having a gateway.
A gateway is a computer or device than can route data between different networks. Put it this way, if your computers are on one network and every other computer connected to the Internet is on a different one, to pass information across network boundaries you need a device which is connected to both networks and equipped to decide whether information from one network should go out to the other network, and vice versa.
So, without a gateway there is no way for the other computers in your network to receive or pass information to the other networks, and consequently, they have no Internet access.
The computer in your small network which is directly connected to the cable or DSL modem is provided with a default gateway by the Internet service provider. That allows the computer to connect to the interenet, but unfortunately for us that gateway is not part of your home network - rather it is a separate network formed between the computer connected to the cable/DSL modem and the ISP itself.
In order to enable Internet access on the rest of your small home network, the computer or device that connects with your ISP must become a gateway for the computers in your local home network. Once this has been configured, it will enable all of the other home network computers to access the Internet by sending and receiving information through that gateway.
The easiest way of acquiring a gateway for your home network is to buy a cable/DSL router. Given how cheap they currently are (about a quarter of the price they commanded when they first appeared in the marketplace), there really isn’t much of an excuse not to buy one.
The major advantages of having a hardware router doing your internet sharing include minimal configuration, since they are set up to act as a gateway by default (it’s pretty much all they do), increased reliability (they are not a PC… PCs crash.), and security, since most of these devices incorporate a firewall. Highly recommended!
You’ll also need
a working dial-up Internet account with an Internet Service Provider (ISP) or
a working broadband (cable, DSL, satellite, etc.) Internet connection.
Share your Internet connection using the following Procedure
Note: Type all the following commands in a root terminal
Start by configuring the network card that interfaces to the other computers on you network
# ifconfig ethX ip
where ethX is the network card and ip is your desired server ip address (Usually 192.168.0.1 is used)
Then configure the NAT as follows
# iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ethX -j MASQUERADE
where ethX is the network card that the Internet is coming from
# echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
Install dnsmasq and ipmasq using the following command
# apt-get install dnsmasq ipmasq
Restart dnsmasq using the following command
# /etc/init.d/dnsmasq restart
Reconfigure ipmasq to start after networking has been started
# dpkg-reconfigure ipmasq
Start by configuring the network card that interfaces to the other computers on you network
# ifconfig ethX ip
where ethX is the network card and ip is your desired server ip address (Usually 192.168.0.1 is used)
Then configure the NAT as follows
# iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ethX -j MASQUERADE
where ethX is the network card that the Internet is coming from
# echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
Add the line “net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1″ to /etc/sysctl.conf
# gedit /etc/sysctl.conf
Reboot your system is optional.
说是xmame-x11好像和ATI的fglrx有点问题, 换成xmame-sdl变OK了.不过这个方法我没试过.
又发现一个,管用:
If anyones interested I found the problem with the black screen on Mame - at least, this worked on my machine using KXMame. I believe the problem has to do with the DGA video mode when running an ATI graphics card with the fglrx drivers, which is buggy and/or broken.
I have been tweaking around with my xorg.conf file and made the following changes:
Under Section "Module"
SubSection "extmod"
Option "omit xfree86-dga" #Don't initialize the DGA extension
EndSubSection
And commented out the extmod module with a #, like so
# Load "extmod"
Restarted X with a ctrl+alt+backspace and voila! I no longer get the black screen when launching kxmame/gxmame. It took quite a lot of investigation, I hope someone finds this useful.
link:http://blog.sina.com.cn/u/473d5336010009ax
克里希那穆提说:“到底有没有成就这样东西?还是它只是人类追求的一个观念而已?因为你即使达到了目标,永远都还有一个更远的目标在前面等待你去完成。只要你追求任何方面的成就,你就不可避免地会陷入奋斗和冲突之中,不是吗?”
人生如果不去追求任何形式的成就是不是就没有动力了呢?这些世俗的所谓成就一方面是肤浅的,另一方面,它也是没有止境的。如果一个人此生的目的就是追求那些用各种各样的世俗标准来衡量的成就,譬如名望、金钱、地位,那他就永远不能停歇,永远没有时间享受此生的快乐。
如果我们的生命不应当用来追求成就,那么应当用来做什么呢?人怎样才能获得快乐的人生呢?克里希那穆提为我们提供的人生方案就是:并不与他人竞争;并不追求世俗的成就;只是去做自己真正想做的事情。只有这样,我们才能成为一个自由的人,拥有快乐的人生。
1.如何不重启系统,而使得fstab生效?
sudo mount -a
2.如何查看分区的UUID?
ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid
3.如何建立vsftpd的虚拟目录?
mkdir /home/ftp/mytest
mount --bind /myold /home/ftp/mytest
4.查看pdf时中文出现乱码?
a) evince,xpdf
sudo apt-get install xpdf-chinese-simplified
b) acroread
http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/acrrasianfontpack.html
5.如何重启X?
a) Ctrl+Alt+BackSpace
b) sudo /etc/init.d/gdm force-reload
sudo /etc/init.d/kdm force-reload
6.如何更换ubuntu的开关机画面?
usplash
kubuntu-artwork-usplash
xubuntu-artwork-usplash
-----------------------
sudo update-alternatives --config usplash-artwork.so
7.如何设置环境变量?
a) /etc/environment
/etc/profile
b) ~/.bashrc
export PATH=$PATH:/home/dbzhang/bin
执行source ~/.bashrc使生效
8.如何查看系统运行时间?
uptime
查看软件xxx安装内容
*
dpkg -L xxx
查找软件
*
apt-cache search 正则表达式
查找文件属于哪个包
*
dpkg -S filename
apt-file search filename
查询软件xxx依赖哪些包
*
apt-cache depends xxx
查询软件xxx被哪些包依赖
*
apt-cache rdepends xxx
增加一个光盘源
*
sudo apt-cdrom add
系统升级
*
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
清除所以删除包的残余配置文件
*
dpkg -l |grep ^rc|awk '{print $2}' |tr ["\n"] [" "]|sudo xargs dpkg -P -
编译时缺少h文件的自动处理
*
sudo auto-apt run ./configure
查看安装软件时下载包的临时存放目录
*
ls /var/cache/apt/archives
备份当前系统安装的所有包的列表
*
dpkg --get-selections | grep -v deinstall > ~/somefile
从上面备份的安装包的列表文件恢复所有包
*
dpkg --set-selections < ~/somefile
sudo dselect
清理旧版本的软件缓存
*
sudo apt-get autoclean
清理所有软件缓存
*
sudo apt-get clean
删除系统不再使用的孤立软件
*
sudo apt-get autoremove
系统
查看内核
*
uname -a
查看Ubuntu版本
*
cat /etc/issue
查看内核加载的模块
*
lsmod
查看PCI设备
*
lspci
查看USB设备
*
lsusb
查看网卡状态
*
sudo ethtool eth0
查看CPU信息
*
cat /proc/cpuinfo
显示当前硬件信息
*
lshw
硬盘
查看硬盘的分区
*
sudo fdisk -l
查看IDE硬盘信息
*
sudo hdparm -i /dev/hda
查看STAT硬盘信息
*
sudo hdparm -I /dev/sda
或
sudo apt-get install blktool
sudo blktool /dev/sda id
查看硬盘剩余空间
*
df -h
df -H
查看目录占用空间
*
du -hs 目录名
优盘没法卸载
*
sync
fuser -km /media/usbdisk
内存
查看当前的内存使用情况
*
free -m
进程
查看当前有哪些进程
*
ps -A
中止一个进程
*
kill 进程号(就是ps -A中的第一列的数字)
或者 killall 进程名
强制中止一个进程(在上面进程中止不成功的时候使用)
*
kill -9 进程号
或者 killall -9 进程名
图形方式中止一个程序
*
xkill 出现骷髅标志的鼠标,点击需要中止的程序即可
查看当前进程的实时状况
*
top
查看进程打开的文件
*
lsof -p
ADSL
配置 ADSL
*
sudo pppoeconf
ADSL手工拨号
*
sudo pon dsl-provider
激活 ADSL
*
sudo /etc/ppp/pppoe_on_boot
断开 ADSL
*
sudo poff
查看拨号日志
*
sudo plog
网络
根据IP查网卡地址
*
arping IP地址
查看当前IP地址
*
ifconfig eth0 |awk '/inet addr/ {split($2,x,":");print x[2]}'
查看当前外网的IP地址
*
w3m -no-cookie -dump www.ip138.com|grep -o '[0-9]\{1,3\}\.[0-9]\{1,3\}\.[0-9]\{1,3\}\.[0-9]\{1,3\}'
w3m -no-cookie -dump ip.loveroot.com|grep -o '[0-9]\{1,3\}\.[0-9]\{1,3\}\.[0-9]\{1,3\}\.[0-9]\{1,3\}'
查看当前监听80端口的程序
*
lsof -i :80
查看当前网卡的物理地址
*
arp -a | awk '{print $4}'
ifconfig eth0 | head -1 | awk '{print $5}'
立即让网络支持nat
*
sudo echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
sudo iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -j MASQUERADE
查看路由信息
*
netstat -rn
sudo route -n
手工增加删除一条路由
*
sudo route add -net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 172.16.0.1
sudo route del -net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 172.16.0.1
修改网卡MAC地址的方法
*
sudo ifconfig eth0 down #关闭网卡
sudo ifconfig eth0 hw ether 00:AA:BB:CC:DD:EE #然后改地址
sudo ifconfig eth0 up #然后启动网卡
统计当前IP连接的个数
*
netstat -na|grep ESTABLISHED|awk '{print $5}'|awk -F: '{print $1}'|sort|uniq -c|sort -r -n
netstat -na|grep SYN|awk '{print $5}'|awk -F: '{print $1}'|sort|uniq -c|sort -r -n
统计当前20000个IP包中大于100个IP包的IP地址
*
tcpdump -tnn -c 20000 -i eth0 | awk -F "." '{print $1"."$2"."$3"."$4}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | awk ' $1 > 100 '
屏蔽IPV6
*
echo "blacklist ipv6" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-ipv6
服务
添加一个服务
*
sudo update-rc.d 服务名 defaults 99
删除一个服务
*
sudo update-rc.d 服务名 remove
临时重启一个服务
*
/etc/init.d/服务名 restart
临时关闭一个服务
*
/etc/init.d/服务名 stop
临时启动一个服务
*
/etc/init.d/服务名 start
设置
配置默认Java使用哪个
*
sudo update-alternatives --config java
修改用户资料
*
sudo chfn userid
给apt设置代理
*
export http_proxy=http://xx.xx.xx.xx:xxx
修改系统登录信息
*
sudo vim /etc/motd
中文
转换文件名由GBK为UTF8
*
sudo apt-get install convmv
convmv -r -f cp936 -t utf8 --notest --nosmart *
转换文件内容由GBK为UTF8
*
iconv -f gbk -t utf8 $i > newfile
转换 mp3 标签编码
*
sudo apt-get install python-mutagen
find . -iname “*.mp3” -execdir mid3iconv -e GBK {} \;
控制台下显示中文
*
sudo apt-get install zhcon
使用时,输入zhcon即可
文件
快速查找某个文件
*
whereis filename
*
find 目录 -name 文件名
查看文件类型
*
file filename
显示xxx文件倒数6行的内容
*
tail -n 6 xxx
让tail不停地读地最新的内容
*
tail -n 10 -f /var/log/apache2/access.log
查看文件中间的第五行(含)到第10行(含)的内容
*
sed -n '5,10p' /var/log/apache2/access.log
查找包含xxx字符串的文件
*
grep -l -r xxx .
查找关于xxx的命令
*
apropos xxx
man -k xxx
通过ssh传输文件
*
scp -rp /path/filename username@remoteIP:/path #将本地文件拷贝到服务器上
scp -rp username@remoteIP:/path/filename /path #将远程文件从服务器下载到本地
查看某个文件被哪些应用程序读写
*
lsof 文件名
把所有文件的后辍由rm改为rmvb
*
rename 's/.rm$/.rmvb/' *
把所有文件名中的大写改为小写
*
rename 'tr/A-Z/a-z/' *
删除特殊文件名的文件,如文件名:--help.txt
*
rm -- --help.txt 或者 rm ./--help.txt
查看当前目录的子目录
*
ls -d */. 或 echo */.
将当前目录下最近30天访问过的文件移动到上级back目录
*
find . -type f -atime -30 -exec mv {} ../back \;
将当前目录下最近2小时到8小时之内的文件显示出来
*
find . -mmin +120 -mmin -480 -exec more {} \;
删除修改时间在30天之前的所有文件
*
find . -type f -mtime +30 -mtime -3600 -exec rm {} \;
查找guest用户的以avi或者rm结尾的文件并删除掉
*
find . -name '*.avi' -o -name '*.rm' -user 'guest' -exec rm {} \;
查找的不以java和xml结尾,并7天没有使用的文件删除掉
*
find . ! -name *.java ! -name ‘*.xml’ -atime +7 -exec rm {} \;
统计当前文件个数
*
ls /usr/bin|wc -w
显示当前目录下2006-01-01的文件名
*
ls -l |grep 2006-01-01 |awk '{print $8}'
压缩
解压缩 xxx.tar.gz
*
tar -zxvf xxx.tar.gz
解压缩 xxx.tar.bz2
*
tar -jxvf xxx.tar.bz2
压缩aaa bbb目录为xxx.tar.gz
*
tar -zcvf xxx.tar.gz aaa bbb
压缩aaa bbb目录为xxx.tar.bz2
*
tar -jcvf xxx.tar.bz2 aaa bbb
Nautilus
显示隐藏文件
*
Ctrl+h
显示地址栏
*
Ctrl+l
特殊 URI 地址
*
* computer:/// - 全部挂载的设备和网络
* network:/// - 浏览可用的网络
* burn:/// - 一个刻录 CDs/DVDs 的数据虚拟目录
* smb:/// - 可用的 windows/samba 网络资源
* x-nautilus-desktop:/// - 桌面项目和图标
* file:/// - 本地文件
* trash:/// - 本地回收站目录
* ftp:// - FTP 文件夹
* ssh:// - SSH 文件夹
* fonts:/// - 字体文件夹,可将字体文件拖到此处以完成安装
* themes:/// - 系统主题文件夹
查看已安装字体
*
在nautilus的地址栏里输入”fonts:///“,就可以查看本机所有的fonts
程序
详细显示程序的运行信息
*
strace -f -F -o outfile
日期和时间
设置日期
*
#date -s mm/dd/yy
设置时间
*
#date -s HH:MM
将时间写入CMOS
*
hwclock --systohc
读取CMOS时间
*
hwclock --hctosys
从服务器上同步时间
*
sudo ntpdate time.nist.gov
控制台
不同控制台间切换
*
Ctrl + ALT + ←
Ctrl + ALT + →
指定控制台切换
*
Ctrl + ALT + Fn(n:1~7)
控制台下滚屏
*
SHIFT + pageUp/pageDown
控制台抓图
*
setterm -dump n(n:1~7)
数据库
mysql的数据库存放在地方
*
/var/lib/mysql
从mysql中导出和导入数据
*
mysqldump 数据库名 > 文件名 #导出数据库
mysqladmin create 数据库名 #建立数据库
mysql 数据库名 < 文件名 #导入数据库
忘了mysql的root口令怎么办
*
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql stop
sudo mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &
sudo mysqladmin -u user password 'newpassword''
sudo mysqladmin flush-privileges
修改mysql的root口令
*
sudo mysqladmin -uroot -p password '你的新密码'
其它
下载网站文档
*
wget -r -p -np -k http://www.21cn.com
· -r:在本机建立服务器端目录结构;
· -p: 下载显示HTML文件的所有图片;
· -np:只下载目标站点指定目录及其子目录的内容;
· -k: 转换非相对链接为相对链接。
如何删除Totem电影播放机的播放历史记录
*
rm ~/.recently-used
如何更换gnome程序的快捷键
*
点击菜单,鼠标停留在某条菜单上,键盘输入任意你所需要的键,可以是组合键,会立即生效;
如果要清除该快捷键,请使用backspace
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